创作力源自关注社会的能力******
电影不是一个人能完成的工作，但又是极具个人风格的艺术——获得中国电影金鸡奖最佳女主角奖时我曾这样说。获奖对我来说具有双重意义，既是来自业内的专业认可，也是对近年来电影工作者初心不改、始终坚守在这方艺术天地里的尊重与肯定。
《妈妈！》这部电影很特别，我在影片中饰演一名60多岁、患了阿尔茨海默病的“女儿”。这个角色，是我从业数十年最丰富、最复杂的一次表演艺术实践。“女儿”早、中、晚期病情演变过程的“接口”是什么？在清醒和失忆之间被动游走的状态如何呈现？作为演员，我必须去靠近，也有强烈愿望去探索这个特殊的领域。《妈妈！》开拍之前，我看了一些相关题材的电影作品，阅读了医学书籍、资料，一步步触碰到这个角色有形或无形的轮廓。小半年的时间里，人物与我如影随形。
直面生活，是塑造人物的关键。艺术不是简单地复制生活，艺术家要不断地把自己对生活的认知和理解，潜移默化地演绎到角色身上去。作为一名演员，要在日常生活中做一个有心人，而不是等有了一个具体拍摄项目才去寻找生活中的例子。不断回望、反思，这是我经常告诫和提醒自己的。
近年来，我参演了许多现实题材影视剧，包括《妈妈！》《功勋》《在一起》《突围》等。现实主义题材的优势在于当下，社会发生的事件借由文艺的载体，让人们得以快速感知和触摸。创作难度在于，现实主义题材里更容不得沙子，因为演员饰演的人物、剧中讲述的故事，可能就发生在每个人身边，作品的好与差、人物塑造得像与不像，观众一目了然。
没有一个角色是雷同的，塑造好角色，演员也在这个过程中得到更多滋养。我参演的黄河治理主题历史传奇剧《天下长河》前不久在芒果TV播出，在剧中我饰演孝庄太后。有时候，你必须从正反两面去揣摩角色，这样塑造出来的角色就更丰富、饱满，有血有肉，观众就不会认为演员是在简单地表达人物。
党的二十大报告提出，坚持以人民为中心的创作导向，推出更多增强人民精神力量的优秀作品。近年来，主旋律影视作品将大量镜头对准了普通人，无论《妈妈！》中的冯济真、《在一起》中的张敏华，还是《突围》中的程端阳，我饰演了许多小人物，但她们都是最接地气的人民群众的一部分。大时代中的小人物很平凡，但传递的内涵与价值并不微小。关切普通人的共情，传递积极的人生态度，也是坚持以人民为中心的创作导向的重要方面。
对于工作在艺术创作一线的文艺工作者来说，无论编剧、导演，还是演员，饱满鲜活的创作力，就是源源不断的生命力。创作力来自何处？艺术创作不以年龄为分界，而是源自对日常生活的敏锐感知，对所处社会始终关注的能力，以及扎实的专业基本功。我想，创作的原动力应该就来自于此。
（作者奚美娟为上海话剧艺术中心一级演员，记者陈圆圆采访整理）
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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